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Air Traffic Control (7110.65) | ATC | Effective: | 07-15-99 | Updated: | 04-02-99 |
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Provide longitudinal separation between aircraft as follows:
a. Supersonic flight:
1. Provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE:
(a) 10 minutes; or
(b) 10 minutes when one or both aircraft has been cleared to commence the deceleration/descent phase of supersonic flight and the preceding aircraft is maintaining a Mach number which is the same as or greater than that of the following aircraft.
2. 15 minutes between all other aircraft.
b. Operations wholly or partly in Minimum Navigation Performance Specification (MNPS) Airspace (subsonic flight):
1. 10 minutes, provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE, and
(a) Where tracks diverge from the common point:
(1) At least 10 minutes longitudinal separation exists at the point where the tracks diverge; and
(2) At least 5 minutes longitudinal separation will exist where 60 NM lateral separation is achieved; and
NOTE-
When the preceding aircraft is maintaining a greater Mach number than the following aircraft in accordance with this subparagraph, and the aircraft will follow continuously diverging tracks so that 60 NM lateral separation will be achieved by the next significant point, the requirement to have at least 5 minutes longitudinal separation where 60 NM lateral separation is achieved, may be disregarded.
(3) At least 60 NM lateral separation will be achieved at or before the next significant point (normally within ten degrees of longitude along track(s)) or, if not, within 90 minutes of the time the second aircraft passes the common point or is within 600 NM of the common point, whichever is estimated to occur first.
(b) Between 9 and 5 minutes, provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE, and
(1) It is possible to ensure, by radar or other approved means, that the required time interval exists and will exist at the common point from which they either follow the same track or continuously diverging tracks; and
(2) The preceding aircraft is maintaining a greater Mach number than the following aircraft in accordance with the following:
[a] 9 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.02 faster than the following aircraft;
[b] 8 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.03 faster than the following aircraft;
[c] 7 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.04 faster than the following aircraft;
[d] 6 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.05 faster than the following aircraft;
[e] 5 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.06 faster than the following aircraft.
2. 15 minutes between turbojet aircraft not covered by para 8-7-3, LONGITUDINAL SEPARATION.
c. Operations in the West Atlantic Route System (WATRS) (subsonic flight):
NOTE-
The WATRS area is defined as beginning at a point 27°00'N/77°00'W direct to 20°00'N/67°00'W direct to 18°00'N/62°00'W direct to 18°00'N/60°00'W direct to 38°30'N/60°00'W direct to 38°30'N/69°15'W, thence counter-clockwise along the New York Oceanic CTA/FIR boundary to the Miami Oceanic CTA/FIR boundary, thence southbound along the Miami Oceanic CTA/FIR boundary to the point of beginning.
1. Between all aircraft 15 minutes, or
2. Aircraft operating at or above FL 280 within the WATRS area or west of 60° West when in transit to or from WATRS;
(a) 10 minutes provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE; and
(1) Where tracks diverge from the common point:
[a] At least 10 minutes longitudinal separation exists at the point where the tracks diverge; and
[b] At least 5 minutes longitudinal separation will exist where the minimum lateral separation is achieved; and
[c] At least the minimum lateral separation will be achieved at or before the next significant point or, if not, within 90 minutes of the time the second aircraft passes the common point or is within 600 NM of the common point, whichever is estimated to occur first;
(2) If the aircraft have not reported over a common point, it is possible to ensure, by radar or other approved means, that the appropriate time interval will exist at the common point from which they either follow the same track or continuously diverging tracks;
(b) Between 9 and 5 minutes, provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE; and
(1) It is possible to ensure by radar or other approved means, that the required time interval exists and will exist at the common point from which they either follow the same track or continuously diverging tracks; and
(2) The preceding aircraft is maintaining a greater Mach number than the following aircraft in accordance with the following:
[a] 9 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.02 faster than the following aircraft;
[b] 8 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.03 faster than the following aircraft;
[c] 7 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.04 faster than the following aircraft;
[d] 6 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.05 faster than the following aircraft;
[e] 5 minutes, if the preceding aircraft is Mach 0.06 faster than the following aircraft.
NOTE-
When the preceding aircraft is maintaining a greater Mach number than the following aircraft, in accordance with the above, and the aircraft will follow continuously diverging tracks so that the minimum lateral separation will be achieved by the next significant point, the requirement to have at least 5 minutes longitudinal separation where the minimum lateral separation is achieved, may be disregarded.
d. Operations outside of MNPS airspace (subsonic flight): Apply the following minimum longitudinal separation:
1. 15 minutes between turbojet aircraft, provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE.
2. Between turbojet aircraft, provided the Mach number technique is applied in accordance with para 8-3-3, MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE, and only when it is possible to ensure by radar or other approved means that the required time interval exists and will exist at the common point:
(a) 10 minutes when the preceding aircraft is at least Mach 0.03 faster than the following aircraft; or
(b) 5 minutes when the preceding aircraft is at least Mach 0.06 faster than the following aircraft.
3. 20 minutes:
(a) Between turbojet aircraft not covered by subpara d.1. or 2.; and
(b) Between other than turbojet aircraft operating along routes extending between the United States, Canada or Bermuda and points in the Caribbean Region, or between the United States or Canada and Bermuda; and
4. 30 minutes between other than turbojet aircraft except those covered in subpara 3.(b) above.
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