Category:
Description:
Indications:
Vitamin
K deficiency
Coagulation
disorders (blood clotting factors)
Anticoagulant-induced
prothrombin deficiency
Prophylaxis
and treatment of hemorrhagic disease in newborn
Warfarin
overdose antidote
Contraindications:
Precautions:
Pregnancy
category C
Vitamin
K deficiency is
Patients
may develop hypervitaminosis K with excessive intravenous dosages.
Symptoms of hypervitaminosis are “flushing sensations”,
taste changes and rarely, dizziness sweating and rapid and weak pulse.
Vitamin
K will NOT reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin.
Reversal
of coumarin class (warfarin) anticoagulation takes from 1-2 hours.
Vitamin
K is excreted into breast milk.
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
Relatively
non-toxic in therapeutic doses
Hyperbilirubinemia
in newborns, occurring at doses greater than recommended.
| Dosage:
Dietary
sources: pork, liver, green leafy vegetables (spinach, broccoli), GI
flora can produce from diet
Administered
in oral soft gelatin capsules or injection
Dietary
supplementation (RDA: recommended daily allowance):
Anticoagulant-induced
prothrombin deficiency: 2.5-10mg per day (up to 25mg initially)
Hemorrhagic
disease in newborn:
prophylaxis:
single IM dose 0.5-1mg within 1 hour of birth, may repeat in 2-3
weeks. Mother may
receive 1-5mg 12-24 hours before delivery.
Oral doses of 2mg are adequate.
treatment:
1mg SQ or IM, in conjunction with proper laboratory testing of PT.
Hypoprothrombinemia
in adults:
|