K
KARN, ESTHER NELSON (MRS. ?): 1880-
Born near New Philadelphia, O., in 1880, Esther Nelson Karn grew up in De Kalb County, Ind., was educated at Hicksville Union High School, where she taught for one year, and attended the Detroit School of Journalism and the De Silva School of Oratory in Fort Wayne, Ind. Following her marriage she moved to Fort Wayne.
Information from Parker and Heiney–Poets and Poetry of Indiana and the Barry Ms.
- Snow Flakes. Philadelphia, 1900.
- Violets. 1908.
- Wild Roses. Fort Wayne, Ind.,
1915.
- Lure of the Wilds. Boston, 1925.
- The First Easter Dawn (Illus. by the author).
KATTERJOHN, MONTE MELCHIOR: 1891-
Monte M. Katterjohn , second son of Quincy F. and Cornelia Mae Aust Katterjohn, was born in Warrick County, Ind., on Oct. 20, 1891. He resided in Boonville until twenty-two years of age, developing as news correspondent, magazine contributor and author of motion picture stories when that industry was in its infancy.
In 1908 he prepared a small volume entitled A History of Warrick County and Its Prominent People, which was issued in 1909.
Before 1912 he launched THE MONTHLY WARRICK MAGAZINE, MOTOR TOPICS (subsequently published by others as AUTOMOBILE TOPICS), and MOTION PICTURE ALBUM.
In 1914 he was placed in charge of the scenario department of the Universal Film Manufacturing Company (now Universal Pictures). For about two page: 176[View Page 176] years he was associated with the late Thomas H. Ince as a staff writer for Triangle Plays.
During the first World War Mr. Katterjohn continued writing for the motion picture industry but also worked in the Film Division of the Bureau of Public Information, providing propaganda films.
Much of his work since the advent of talking pictures has been as editor of story material and picture production details for Warner Brothers, Paramount, and independent releases. More recently he has been associated with films and current publications as consultant, contributor, special assignment writer, and critic and is currently completing two historical novels.
Information from Mr. Katterjohn.
- A History of Warrick County and Its Prominent People.
Boonville, Ind., 1909.
- How To Write and Market Moving Picture Plays; Being a
Complete Mail Course in Picture Play Writing Prepared in the Form of a Book
and Containing Twenty Complete Articles. Boonville,
ind. [1912].
KEITH, ARTHUR LESLIE: 1874-1942.
Arthur Leslie Keith , son of John Lawson and Mary Ann Robertson Keith, was born in Worthington, Ind., on Apr. 25, 1874, and graduated from the University of Nebraska in 1898, receiving the A.M. degree in 1908 and the Ph.D. (from the University of Chicago) in 1910. On June 13, 1900, he married Mabelle Harding Homerick.
After spending eight years as an instructor in St. John's Military School in Kansas and one year as professor of Greek at the University of South Dakota, from 1910 to 1922 he was assistant professor and professor of Latin at Carleton College, returning to the University of South Dakota in 1922 as professor of Greek. After 1933 he was professor of Latin.
Information from Who's Who in America.
- Simile and Metaphor in Greek Poetry from Homer to
Aeschylus. Menasha, Wis., 1914.
KEITH, BENJAMIN F.: 1825-?
Benjamin F. Keith , son of John and Delilah Keith, was born in Knox County, Ind., on May 15, 1825. His parents had moved from Kentucky to Indiana in 1814. Following a youth spent on his father's farm, in 1849 young Benjamin went to Edwardsport, Ind., where he studied medicine for two years under Dr. J. T. Freeland.
He then began the practice of medicine at Jonesboro, Ind., remaining there until 1854, when he went to Robinson, Ill., and practiced for three years. In 1857 he entered Rush Medical College, graduating the following year and locating permanently in Edwardsport, Ind.
Dr. Keith married Emily Culbertson on Nov. 6, 1849. After her death he married a Mrs. Koons on Aug. 23, 1860.
Information from Representative Men of Indiana, Vol. I.
- History of the Maria Creek Church.
Vincennes, 1889.
KELSO, Isaac: ?-?
Little is known of Isaac Kelso except that he was certainly a citizen of Indiana (perhaps a member of the Switzerland County family of that name) and that his first novel was not highly regarded. D. S. A., writing in the CINCINNATI DAILY GAZETTE of Dec. 7, 1876, says, "A few personal friends may have 'waded' through … Isaac Kelso's Light, More Light; or Danger in the Dark … But it never engaged the attention of any considerable number of readers … Kelso 'aimed a decisive blow at intolerant Romanism.' "
Information from D. S. A. in the CINCINNATI DAILY GAZETTE, Dec. 7, 1876.
- Light, More Light; or, Danger in the Dark.
Cincinnati, 1855.
- The Stars and Bars; or, the Reign of Terror in
Missouri. Boston, 1864.
KEMPER, GENERAL WILLIAM HARRISON: 1839-1927.
General (not a title but a first name) William Harrison Kemper , son of Arthur Smith and Patience Bryant Kemper, was born in Rush County, Ind., on Dec. 16, 1839. He was educated in the common schools, attended medical lectures at the University of Michigan (1864-65), and received the M.D. degree from Long Island College Hospital in 1865. In 1886 he was a post-graduate student at New York Polyclinic. He married Harriet Kemper, of Oskaloosa, Ia., on Aug. 15, 1865.
In 1861 he enlisted as a private in the Seventh Indiana page: 177[View Page 177] Volunteers, but after three months he was transferred to the 17th Indiana Volunteers, in which regiment he served as hospital steward until 1863 and after that as assistant surgeon. Following his graduation from medical school he practiced in Muncie, Ind.
In addition to his books, Dr. Kemper contributed articles to medical journals.
He died on Sept. 26, 1927.
Information from Representative Men of Indiana. Vol. I, and Who Was Who in America.
- The Uses of Suffering.
Cincinnati, 1896.
- The World's Anatomists: Concise Biographies of
Anatomic Masters from 300 B.C. to the Present Time.
Philadelphia, 1905.
- A Twentieth Century History of Delaware County,
Indiana. Chicago. 1908.
2 vols.
- Medical History of the State of Indiana.
Chicago. 1911.
KENDALL, ENION: ?-1856.
The only biographical information on Enion Kendall , pioneer poet of Cass County, is found in J. Z. Powell's History of Cass County, which says:
"Enion Kendall, who died in 1856, was Logansport's pioneer poet, although he could not read nor write. He dictated 'History of Kansas and March of the Western Army to Santa Fe and San Diego' which was published in the DELPHI TIMES in 1854 and was preserved in the Biddle Miscellany in the Logansport Library, volume 14."
From Powell–History of Cass County, 1913.
- A New Edition to the Narrative of Eliza Allen.
[Logansport, Ind.], 1853.
- The History of Kansas and March of the Western Army to Santa
Fe and New Mexico, Thence to San Diego in California.
Delphi, Ind., 1854.
KETCHAM, JOHN: 1782-1865.
John Ketcham , Indiana pioneer, Indian fighter and leader in settlement and development, was born in Maryland on Sept. 10, 1782. The family moved to Shelby County, Ky., in 1784, and young John was reared and received some education there. Life was precarious: there was the constant threat of Indians from the north, and Samuel Ketcham, father of the family, was himself a captive for some months.
In 1802 John married Elizabeth Pearcy, and they set up housekeeping in the same locality. In 1811 the couple moved with their six children (there were to be as many more) to what was then Jackson County, Indiana Territory; but almost immediately Indian hostilities in the neighborhood (which preceded the War of 1812 in the West) began, and Ketcham soon took his family back to Kentucky.
Ketcham came back across the Ohio and assisted in driving the Indians from the lands recently purchased in southern Indiana. His chief activities were in the defense of the central Indiana settlements against raids –of which the Pigeon Roost Massacre is a notable example. In 1813 he enlisted in Capt. James Bigger's company of Mounted Rangers, raised in the Territory by the government: service in this campaign was largely limited to skirmishes in the upper Wabash Valley, but the troops performed an important service.
After the war Ketcham was appointed an Associate Judge of the Territory–soon to become a state–and in April, 1818, he brought his family to the land in Monroe County (near present Elletsville) which he had bought. Here he immediately became, and continued until his death, a leading and vastly popular citizen. Perhaps his popularity was due to the qualities which enabled him to summarize humorously his later life and achievements–"I was solicited to build the Court House, which I did, thirty or forty years ago. It still stands firm. Because I had built a good Court House, and had a sword and several pistols, the people thought I ought to be a Colonel. I was so elected … But my honors did not stop here. The people knew I had killed an Indian, and had decided three law suits in about forty minutes,–they said I must go to the Legislature. I agreed to it. My popularity not high enough yet,–my old friend Dr. Foster … knew I had been wounded by the Indians, and had killed and scalped an Indian, went to the Democratic Convention at Indianapolis, and told them what Ketcham had done, and said he must be appointed one of Genl. Jackson's Electors … and here I am yet, one of Genl. Jackson's Electors !"
When John Ketcham died on Feb. 7, 1865, the regard of his friends and neighbors was by no means limited to that extended to a man whose only claim to fame was as "one of Genl. Jackson's Electors."
Information from Hopkins, Rev. T. M.–Reminiscences of Col. John Ketcham.
- The Devil's Dream Interpreted and Corruptions
Adversary: or Ketcham's Exposition of Whitcomb's Circular,
and Conduct on the Eve of the August Election of
page: 178[View Page 178]
1830, with General Remarks, to Which Is Added a
Few Biographical Sketches of the Aforesaid Whitcomb.
Bloomington, Ind., 1832.
KETTLEBOROUGH, CHARLES: 1878-1938.
Charles Kettleborough , born in Lincolnshire, England, on Mar. 22, 1878, came to Indiana with his parents when he was an infant and, after his mother's death, became the ward of a family in Topeka, Ind. He was educated in the local schools, taught for a time, and graduated from Indiana University in 1907, receiving the Ph.D. degree in 1911.
From 1911 until his death he served the Legislative Bureau of Indiana, acting as its head after 1918. He died in Indianapolis on Mar. 28, 1938, as a result of injuries received when he was struck by an automobile two weeks earlier.
Information from the Indianapolis Public Library and the INDIANA HISTORY BULLETIN, Feb., 1939.
- Inheritance Taxation.
Indianapolis, 1912.
- Drainage and Reclamation of Swamp and Over-flowed
Lands. Indianapolis, 1914.
- Constitution Making in Indiana; a Source Book of
Constitutional Documents, with Historical Introduction and Critical Notes
(Editor). Indianapolis, 1916-30. 3 vols.
- The State Constitutions and the Federal Constitution and
Organic Laws of the Territories and Other Colonial Dependencies of the
United States of America. Indianapolis, 1918.
- Analysis of the Finances of the State of Indiana,
1913-1923 (withF. H. Guild). Bloomington, Ind., 1924.
- Public Indebtedness in Indiana.
Bloomington, lnd.
- Legislative Procedure in the General Assembly of the State of
Indiana. Indianapolis, 1928.
- Indiana Voters' Handbook (also subsequent
editions). Indianapolis, 1930.
KILLIKELLY, SARAH HUTCHINS: 1840-1912.
Sarah Hutchins Killikelly , daughter of the Rev. B. B. and Mary Meech Killikelly, was born in Vincennes, Ind., on Jan. 1, 1840, and graduated from Eden Hall Seminary in Pennsylvania . She also studied piano and organ.
Moving with her family to Pittsburgh , she there conducted classes, chiefly of women, in literature, history, foreign travel, and Bible study. Out of these classes she developed her book, Curious Questions.
Miss Killikelly was made a Foundation Fellow of the Society of Science, Letters and Art in London and received from that society the gold crown prize for papers on the Victorian era. She also contributed to magazines.
Information from Who Was Who in America and Dunn–Indiana and Indianans, Vol. III.
- Curious Questions in History, Literature, Art, and Social
Life; Designed as a Manual of General Information.
Philadelphia, 1886-1900. 3 vols.
- The History of Pittsburgh, Its Rise and Progress.
Pittsburgh, 1906.
KIMBERLING, HADLEY SIEGEL: 1862-1920.
Hadley Siegel Kimberling , son of James Wesley and Hannah Johnson Kimberling, early settlers in Shelby County, was born at Shelbyville, Ind., on Mar. 20, 1862. He attended school at Norristown, Shelby County. He was a tailor by trade.
He contributed poems to newspapers and magazines and left several unpublished manuscripts.
He was married to Anna M. Farrell and died on Nov. 21, 1920.
Information from the Carnegie Public Library, Shelbyville, Ind.
- Llewellyn (pseudonym,Franz Sigel). Indianapolis, 1903.
KING, HOYT: 1870-
Born in Danville, Ind., in 1870, Hoyt King graduated from high school in 1888 and from the law school at Indiana University in 1892. In 1892 he removed to Chicago , where he engaged in business and the practice of law. He married Maude Lemon of Springfield, Ill., in 1898.
Information from the Barry Ms.
- Reform Movement in Chicago.
Philadelphia, 1905.
- Citizen Cole of Chicago.
Chicayo, 1931.
KING, IRVING: 1874–
Irving King , son of Edward and Mary Burlington Evans King, was born in Richmond, Ind., on July 17, 1874, and graduated from Earlham College in 1896, page: 179[View Page 179] receiving the Ph.D. degree from the University of Chicago in 1904. On Sept. 7, 1898, he married Alta F. Burke.
He served as principal of Tonganoxie Academy in Kansas and Bloomingdale Academy in Indiana , professor of psychology at Oshkosh State Normal School, professor of psychology and the history of education at Pratt Institute, and assistant professor of education at the University of Michigan. From 1909 to 1920 he was professor of education at the State University of Iowa.
Information from Who's Who in America.
- Psychology of Child Development.
Chicago, 1903.
- Differentiation of the Religious Consciousness.
Lancaster, Pa., 1905.
- The Development of Religion: a Study in Anthropology and
Social Psychology. New York, 1910.
- Social Aspects of Education, a Book of Sources and Original
Discussions … New York, 1912.
- Education for Social Efficiency: a Study in the Social
Relations of Education. New York, 1913.
- The High-School Age.
Indianapolis, 1914.
KINGSBURY, SARA R.: 1876-
Born in Ohio in 1876, Sara R. Kingsbury attended the Indianapolis public schools, graduated from Butler University in 1899, and was a resident of Indianapolis .
Information from the Barry Ms.
- The Atonement (A Story). Boston,
1905.
- The Rich Young Man, a Play in Three Acts.
New York, 1924.
- The Crowning of Spring. New
York.
- Our Christ Liveth: an Easter Play in Three Acts.
New York, 1930.
- The Christmas Guest
(Play).
KIRKWOOD, DANIEL: 1814-1895.
" Daniel Kirkwood (Sept. 27, 1814-June 11, 1895), astronomer, teacher, … was born in Harford County, Md. His grandfather was an emigrant from Ireland who settled in Delaware ; his parents were John and Agnes (Hope) Kirkwood. Daniel spent his early life on a farm and attended school in his native county. He began his career as a teacher in 1833, at Hopewell, York County, Pa., Since one of his pupils wished to study algebra, the two of them worked through Bonnycastle's Algebra together. The following year Kirkwood entered the York County Academy, and in 1838 was appointed mathematical instructor. In 1843 he accepted the principalship of the Lancaster High School and later became principal of the Pottsville Academy. In 1845 he married Sarah A. McNair of Newton, Bucks County, Pa.
"His first college position was in Delaware College, Newark, Del., where he was professor of mathematics from 1851 to 1856, during the last two years serving also as president of the college … In 1856 he was called to Indiana University as professor of mathematics, and served there for thirty years, with the exception of a two-year interval (Aug. 2, 1865-Dec. 18, 1867) as professor of mathematics and astronomy at Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pa., In 1891 he was appointed lecturer in Leland Stanford, Jr., University. He died at Riverside, Calif., in his eighty-first year."
Condensed from R. S. D., Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. X.
- Meteoric Astronomy: a Treatise on Shooting-Stars, Fireballs
and Aerolites. Philadelphia, 1867.
- Comets and Meteors: Their Phenomena in All Ages, Their Mutual
Relations, and the Theory of Their Origin.
Philadelphia, 1873.
- The Asteroids: or, Minor Planets Between Mars and
Jupiter. Philadelphia, 1888.
KITCH, JOHN WALTER: 1866-1946.
John Walter Kitch (who wrote under the pseudonym of Aleck Davis) was born in Bremen, Ind., on June 8, 1866, the son of Martin V. and Amanda Lehr Kitch. He attended the Marshall County schools and entered Valparaiso University, where he began to study law. Withdrawing, he went to Adair, and later to Coon Rapids, Ia., where he read law. During this period he taught school in Marshall County, Ind., Holland, Mich., and Coon Rapids, Ia., where he was superintendent of schools, 1892-95. He also published the weekly ADAIR NEWS.
In 1898 he returned to Bremen, Ind., and opened a law office, later removing to South Bend and, in 1916, to Plymouth, Ind., He represented Marshall County in the Indiana Legislature and served as a trustee of the Indiana School for the Feeble Minded. From June 1, 1938, to Jan. 1, 1945, he served as judge of the Marshall County Circuit Court. He was married three times: first to Oma Simpson, on Sept. 12, 1890; second to Mae Southworth; and third to Anna Eliza Richards.
He died on May 30, 1946.
page: 180[View Page 180]Information from the Indiana State Library; the Plymouth Public Library; and Roll–History of Indiana, Vol. 5.
- Centennial History of Indiana, by Aleck Davis.
Plymouth, Ind., 1916.
KITSELMAN, LESLIE CURTIS (MRS. ALVA L.): 1892-
Born in Denver, Colo., in 1892, Leslie Curtis was educated in Denver and at the American Academy of Dramatic Art in New York City . She was a post-graduate student at Ball State Teachers College in Muncie, Ind.
In 1911 she was married to Alva L. Kitselman of Muncie and became a resident of that city. In addition to her books she is known as the author of numerous newspaper stories, moving picture scenarios, and radio scripts.
Information from the Barry Ms.
- Reno Reveries. Reno, Nev.,
[1912].
- Jackstraws. Greenfield, Ind.,
[1932].
- The Sins of Sally. Chicago,
1935.
KITSON, HARRY DEXTER: 1886-
Harry Dexter Kitson , son of Clarence and Nellie Hamblin Kitson, was born in Mishawaka, Ind., on Aug. 11, 1886. He received the A.B. degree from Hiram College in 1909, the A.M. from the University of Minnesota in 1913, and the Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1915.
In 1912-13 he was an assistant in psychology at the University of Minnesota. From 1915 to 1919 he was an instructor at the University of Chicago, and from 1919 to 1925 he was professor of psychology at Indiana University. In 1925 he became professor of education at Teachers College, Columbia . During the first World War he was an officer in the A.E.F. He married Angeline S. Freeman, now deceased, on June 14, 1922.
Dr. Kitson edited many works on applied psychology in addition to the works of which he is author.
Information from Who's Who in America.
- How To Use Your Mind: a Psychology of Study; Being a Manual
for the Use of Students and Teachers in the Administration of Supervised
Study. Philadelphia, 1916.
- Scientific Study of the College Student.
Princeton, N. J., 1917.
- The Mind of the Buyer: a Psychology of Selling.
New York, 1921.
- Extra Incentive Wage Plans from a Psychological Point of
View. New York, 1925.
- The Psychology of Vocational Adjustment.
Philadelphia, 1925.
- Scientific Advertising. New
York, 1926.
- Job Analysis (withSterling B. Cramer). New York, 1927.
- How to Find the Right Vocation. New
York, 1929.
- Vocational Guidance Through the Library; a Guide Showing How
the Librarian Can Serve People Who Are Trying to Choose a Vocation.
Chicago, 1931.
- I Find My Vocation. New York,
1931.
- Finding a Job During the Depression. New
York, 1933.
- Vocations for Girls (withM. R. Lingenfelter). New York, 1939.
- Vocations for Boys (withM. R. Lingenfelter). New York, 1942.
- Vocational Guidance for Victory. New
York, 1942.
KNOX, WALTER: 1863-1892.
Walter Knox , son of George P. and Mary Spotswood Knox, was born in Vevay, Ind., on Mar. 29, 1863. Before completing high school he became a "printer's devil" in the office of the VEVAY REVEILLE, and at eighteen years of age he founded and edited the VEVAY TIMES, a weekly. On Nov. 6, 1884, he married Mary Louise Simmons. Mr. Knox wrote poetry from an early age, and after his death, which occurred on Sept. 3, 1892, his wife had published a small volume of his poems.
Information from Mrs. Eloise Knox Niemeyer.
- Living Leaves. n.p., n.d.
KONKLE, BURTON ALVA: 1861-1944.
Burton Alva Konkle , son of Simon Kenton and Cornelia Gale Konkle, was born in Albion, Ind., on Apr. 25, 1861, and was educated at Lake Forest College, McCormick Theological Seminary, the University of Chicago, and Huron College, receiving the A.M. from the last-named institution in 1906.
From 1876 to 1882 he was connected with the public schools of Evilla and Wawaka, Ind. , and from 1882 to 1886 he was engaged in historical work in various parts of the country. Ordained to the Presbyterian ministry page: 181[View Page 181] in 1894, he served as pastor of churches in Illinois and Colorado for a time. After 1897 he devoted all of his time to historical writing. He married Susie Montague Ferry in 1900 and died in 1944. Mr. Konkle was a founder of the Pennsylvania History Club.
Information from Who's Who in America.
- The Life and Times of Thomas Smith, 1745-1809.
Philadelphia, 1904.
- The Life and Speeches of Thomas Williams, Orator, Statesman
and Jurist, 1806-1872. Philadelphia, 1905.
- The Life of Chief Justice Ellis Lewis, 1798-1871.
Philadelphia, 1907.
- James Wilson and the Constitution.
Philadelphia, 1907.
- George Bryan and the Constitution of Pennsylvania,
1731-1791. Philadelphia, 1922.
- John Motley Morehead and the Development of North Carolina,
1796-1866. Philadelphia, 1922.
- Delaware: A Grant Yet Not A Grant.
Wilmington, Del., 1930.
- Joseph Hopkinson, 1770-1842: Jurist, Scholar, Inspirer of the
Arts, Author of Hail Columbia. Philadelphia,
1931.
- Benjamin Chew, 1722-1810; Head of the Pennsylvania Judiciary
System Under Colony and Commonwealth.
Philadelphia, 1932.
- Thomas Willing and the First American Financial
System. Philadelphia, 1937.
- David Lloyd and the First Half Century of Pennsylvania,
1656-1731.
- The Life and Writings of James Wilson. 6
vols.
- The Life of Nicholas Biddle.
- Land O' Lakes, a Hoosier Tale of North, South, West
and East.
- The Life of Andrew Hamilton, 1676-1741; the Day-Star of the
American Revolution. Philadelphia, 1941.
KOPELKE, JOHANNES: 1854-
Johannes Kopelke was born in Germany on June 14, 1854. Coming to the U. S. as a young man, he studied law at the University of Michigan and practiced in Crown Point, Ind. He served as a judge in Lake County, Ind., and in the state senate.
Information from the Indiana State Library.
- Sommerausflug Nach Europa, Hauptsaechlich
Deutschland.
- The Bench and Bar of Lake County, Indiana, 1918.
Crown Point, Ind., 1919.
KRAMER, HAROLD MORTON: 1873-1930.
Harold Morton Kramer was born in Frankfort, Ind., Apr. 28, 1873. The youngest of ten children born to Philip Edward and Mary Choate Kramer, he was educated in the Frankfort public schools.
On Sept. 6, 1897, he married Miss Nora Caroline Lee, a teacher.
In April, 1898, he enlisted in Company C, 158th Infantry in the Spanish-American War and was commissioned first lieutenant. In 1917 Mr. Kramer entered service for the first World War. Being over age for armed service, he became a Y.M.C.A. secretary and was sent to the front in France, where he served both American and English soldiers and did some lecturing for the Y.M.C.A.
Mr. Kramer's first trade was that of printer, from which he advanced to editorial work, becoming night editor of the DAILY MORNING TIMES of Frankfort . In 1910 he retired from newspaper work to enter the lecture field. In 1925 he was elected executive secretary of the International Lyceum Association with headquarters in Chicago. He filled this office until his sudden death Mar. 20, 1930, in Chicago .
Information from Mrs. Harold Morton Kramer.
- Hearts and the Cross. Boston,
1906.
- Gayle Langford; Being the Romance of a Tory Belle and a
Patriot Captain. Boston, 1907.
- The Castle of Dawn. Boston,
[1908].
- The Chrysalis. Boston, 1909.
- The Rugged Way. Boston, 1911.
- With Seeing Eyes; the Unusual Story of an Observant Thinker
at the Front. Boston, 1919.
KRETZMANN, PAUL EDWARD: 1883-
Paul Edward Kretzmann , son of Carl H. E. and Elizabeth Polack Kretzmann, was born in Dearborn County, Ind., on Aug. 24, 1883, and graduated in 1902 from Concordia College, Fort Wayne, Ind. He received the A.M. degree from the University of Minnesota in 1913 and the Ph.D. degree in 1915. In 1920 he received the B.D. degree from Chicago Lutheran Seminary, and the same institution awarded him the D.D. in 1922. He was also a student at Concordia Seminary in St. Louis and Washington University.
Before his ordination to the Lutheran ministry in 1906 he taught in Colorado and Kansas . He served as pastor in churches in Kansas, Colorado, and Missouri , and from 1912 to 1919 he was professor of sciences page: 182[View Page 182] and mathematics at Concordia College in St. Paul, Minn. In 1923 he became professor of theology at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis. He married Louise Schroeder in 1907.
Information from Who's Who in America.
- A Short Introduction to Church Architecture and
Ecclesiastical Art, Especially from the Standpoint of the Lutheran
Church. St. Louis, 1912.
- Keuschheit und Zucht. St. Louis,
1915.
- Education Among the Jews from the Earliest Times to the End
of the Talmudic Period. Boston, 1916.
- The Liturgical Element in the Earliest Forms of Medieval
Drama with Special Reference to the English and German Plays.
Minneapolis, 1916.
- Die Pastoralbriefe. St. Louis,
1918.
- Unto Us; Text by Paul Kretzmann; Music by J. C. Albert
Kaeppel. St. Louis, 1919.
- A Brief History of Education. St.
Louis, 1920.
- Psychology and the Christian Day-School.
St. Louis, 1920.
- Agnus Dei; the Lamb of God (withJ. C. Albert Kaeppel). St. Louis, 1920.
- Christian Art in the Place and in the Form of Lutheran
Worship. St. Louis, 1921.
- Der 46 Psalm. St. Louis, 1921.
- Popular Commentary of the Bible. St.
Louis, 1921-24.
4 vols.
- The Teaching of Arithmetic (withE. H. Engelbrecht). St. Louis, 1923.
- Knowing and Doing. 1923.
- Our King Victorious: an Easter Cantata (withB. Schureacher). St. Louis, 1924.
- Cantate! A Song Service. St.
Louis, 1924.
- Establishment and the Propagation of the Christian
Church. St. Louis, 1925.
- Life of Jesus the Savior. St.
Louis, 1925. 2 vols.
- Vacation Bible Schools for Lutheran Churches.
St. Louis, 1925.
- The Problems of Adolescence and Youth and Their Treatment in
Educational and Pastoral Work. Burlington, Ia.,
1925.
- The Mysterious Ways of God. 1925.
- While It Is Day! St. Louis,
1926.
- Teaching of Religion. St. Louis,
1926.
- The Good Shepherd (withJ. F. Ohl). St. Louis, 1927.
- Missionary Stories for Young People.
Columbus, 0., 1927.
- A Few Pages from the Life of Luther. St.
Louis, 1927.
- Liturgical Service for Rally Day. St.
Louis, 1927.
- Prayers for Lutheran Sunday-Schools. St.
Louis, 1927.
- Of Judah's Tribe and David's House (withWaiter Wismar). St. Louis, 1927.
- John Ludwig Krapf, the Explorer-Missionary of Northeastern
Africa. Columbus, 0., 1928.
- Heroes of Missions and Their Work. St.
Louis, 1928.
- The Mountain School. 1928.
- Lutheran Principle of Indoctrination vs. the Pedagogy of
Modernism. St. Louis, 1928.
- Search the Scriptures. St.
Louis, 1928. Vols. 4-8.
- What Lutheran Sunday-School Teachers Should Know; a Short
Summary for Instructors and Pupils in Sunday-School Teachers'
Meetings and Institutes. St. Louis, 1928.
- The Christian Woman as a Social Worker.
Berne, Ind., 1929.
- The Religion of the Child, and Other Essays; an Inquiry into
the Fundamental Errors of Modern Religious Pedagog-y and Their
Correction. St. Louis, 1929.
- The Pot of Gold, and Other Missionary Stories.
Columbus, 0., 1929.
- He Lives! A Children's Vesper Service for Easter
Day. St. Louis, 1929.
- Glimpses of the Lives of Great Missionary Women.
St. Louis, 1930.
- From Heaven Above; a Vesper Song Service for
Christmas. St. Louis, 1932.
- A Believer's View of the New Testament.
1933.
- Preaching Christ Crucified. 1934.
- The Doctrine of the Call. 1934.
- New Testament in the Light of a Believer's
Research. Grand Rapids, Mich., 1934.
- Story of the German Bible; a Contribution to the
Quadricentennial of Luther's Translation. St.
Louis, 1934.
- Foundations Must Stand! The Inspiration of the Bible and
Related Questions. St. Louis, 1936.
- Up to Jerusalem. Minneapolis,
1936.
- It Is The King, Up to Jerusalem, The Foundations Must
Stand. 1936.
- Guiding the Junior. 1937.
- Finding Our Way into the Bible, Knowing the Truth.
1938.
- That Vexing Problem. 1940.
- My Job as Youth Counselor. 1942.
- The God of the Bible and Other Gods. St.
Louis, 1943.
- Toward Lutheran Union; a Scriptural and Historical
Approach. St. Louis, 1943.
- In Dulci Jubilo. St. Louis, n.d.
- Soli Deo Gloria; a Jubilee Cantata. St.
Louis, n.d.
- The Teaching of English. St.
Louis, n.d.
KROUT, CAROLINE VIRGINIA: 1852-1931.
Caroline Virginia Krout was one of the daughters of Robert Kennedy and Caroline Brown Krout.
In order to get a clear picture of her life, and of that of her more famous sister, Mary Hannah Krout, it is necessary to give considerably more than the usual attention to the parents–more especially to the father, page: 183[View Page 183] Robert Krout, a sort of Hoosier Bronson Alcott, who seems to have had a rather profound influence upon the careers of his brilliant daughters.
Robert Krout spent his early years in Covington, Ky., where his maternal grandfather held a lucrative franchise for a ferry running between that place and Cincinnati, O., and where his family owned considerable property. Young Krout was eleven when an employee of his grandfather–for reasons now unknown–brought him to a farm in still wild and hilly southwestern Montgomery County, Ind., in the section known as "Balhinch."
At the. school in Alamo (capital-by-consent of the vaguely defined Balhinch district) young Krout was tutored in Greek and Latin by a local schoolmaster, James Gilkey, who would eventually leave his mark on half a dozen Indiana writers.
After six years of tutoring in the classics–plus less esoteric subjects in the local schools–the young man was admitted to Wabash College. He was then seventeen. Robert Krout received the A.B. degree in 1848 and, while still an undergraduate, began to read law in the office of Lane and Wilson.
At the time of his baccalaureate Robert K. Krout was considered by his professors and by himself to be a young man of extraordinary promise: it was, however, a promise never to be fulfilled, and as the years passed this unfortunate circumstance came to have a profound effect both upon his own attitude toward the world and upon the lives of the members of his family.
As a senior undergraduate he was a youth in rebellion –his last appearance before his college literary society in March, 1848, being an oratorical complaint against the manner in which the Mexican War was being waged and a plea for universal military training (except for young men in their senior year in college), for justice for all and for attention to the voice of youth. Young college seniors in rebellion are, of course, no phenomena, but it was Robert Krout's misfortune to remain quietly in that state until his last day.
Within a year of his graduation he married Miss Caroline Van Cleve Brown, daughter of a Crawfordsville physician. The Browns lived across the street from the cottage in which young Krout roomed as a student. Caroline's brother was a firm friend of Robert, and Caroline–as her wedding picture attests–was a beautiful girl of seventeen at the time of the wedding.
Robert Krout's interest in the law waned (as did many another interest in his later life) as soon as he had mastered its rudiments. Some time in 1849 he and his bride went to New Orleans and, later, to Arkansas , where they set up a private school. Two years of school- keeping sufficed for Robert, and the young couple returned to the Brown home in Crawfordsville in time for Robert to go through the rather perfunctory motions of qualifying for an A.M. degree at Wabash and in time for Caroline to bear the first of her nine babies in her father's home in the fall of 1851.
The sanctuary of the Brown home for the young mother was convenient, but the usefulness of an advanced degree for Robert was questionable. His classical learning was to be employed, as time went on, in assisting him as a chemist in the drug store which his brother-in-law had opened. There were interludes of lightning-rod and buggy selling, some ventures into the then questionable realms of insurance and a constant correspondence with the newspapers. Community service took the form of long-time and contentious membership on the city school board.
Robert Krout's scrap-book, covering the last thirty years of his life, is filled with clippings of newspaper yarns of strange adventures, weird discoveries and exposés of the foibles and frailties of the great, interleaved with woodcut GODEY'S LADIES' BOOK plans for Italian villas and be-jigsawed country houses –all this while the cottage which he had inherited through his wife from her father progressed from, in 1879, "a queer, dark, dull little house" in which "the weather boards begin to warp and get frayed and dingy., the fence needs paint …" to, in 1900, "a low, long structure … the weatherboarding looks as though it had never made the acquaintance of paint in all its history., the roof is old and weatherbeaten. The trees and shrubs are thick around the cottage … But when you think of the occupants … the mind goes back to the home of the Brontes … the father, for whose sake the cottage is left unrepaired … dislikes to have the old cottage changed in the least, it is said, and with sweet patience the sisters live on in it leaving it undisturbed …" according to contemporary newspaper accounts.
Perhaps recalling Robert Krout's failure appears somewhat less than the handsome thing to do: it would certainly be so, except that this very failure had a most profound bearing upon the ultimate literary successes of his daughters. His criticism of their early efforts at writing (his own contribution to letters was almost wholly confined to temperature readings and weather observations to the local newspaper) and his constitutional inability to be satisfied with less than perfection on their parts drove them to success. Probably also page: 184[View Page 184] (although she never mentioned it and may never have realized it) Robert Krout must have been the tyrannical male who first convinced his eldest daughter that a campaign for equal rights for women was a project well in order. Robert Krout was demanding, exacting and critical, and by these very qualities he became important to Indiana literature.
Robert and Caroline Krout's first daughter, Mary Hannah, was born in the grandparents' home in Crawfordsville on Nov. 3, 1851. The subject of this sketch, Caroline Virginia, was born a bit more than eleven months later, on Oct. 13, 1852.
Caroline Krout –Cary to her sisters and her very few friendsnattended a Crawfordsville subscription, and later a public, school. When she was sixteen her mother died and, her older sister (an educated woman of seventeen) having already begun to teach at the Bunker Hill School, it fell upon Caroline's shoulders to take over the keeping of her father's house and the care of the four younger children who had survived babyhood, until, three years later, her next younger sister, Jane, graduated from high school and took over the housekeeping–an assignment at which she continued for almost seventy years.
Caroline V. Krout began teaching in Crawfordsville schools in her nineteenth year–money was, as always in those days, a scarce article in the Krout household– and she continued for five years, when, as she is quoted in an interview in the INDIANAPOLIS NEWS for April 19, 1900, "my health gave way and I became a nervous invalid for several years." During her illness she wrote her first story and presently became an occasional contributor of short stories and feature articles to the INTER-OCEAN, INTERIOR, CHICAGO DAILY NEws, CHICAGO JOURNAL and other papers.
Recovering somewhat, Caroline took employment as assistant court reporter in Crawfordsville and, after a time and through the offices of her sister, Mary Hannah, already a newspaper woman of importance in Chicago , she went to that city and secured a place on the staff of the Dewberry Library.
Poor health made her resignation necessary, and about 1896 she returned to Crawfordsville. Unable to take regular employment and encouraged by her older sister's long-time patron and advisor, Susan Elston Wallace (wife of General Lew Wallace, and herself a successful writer), Caroline V. Krout first tried writing for the periodical market.
Her first sales were to ST. NICHOLAS and the COSMOPOLITAN, and her subject–in her first three stories–was Robin Hood and his followers, a result perhaps of Crawfordsville's preoccupation with the archery which Maurice and Will Thompson had popularized, first in Crawfordsville, then in the nation.
There were twenty or so short stories, and then, in 1900, her first novel, Knights in Fustian, under the name "Caroline Brown." It was a story of the Copperhead movement in Indiana –and particularly in the "Balhinch" district of Montgomery County which she and her family knew so well. The book was an immediate success. Although many reviewers bruised Caroline's always sensitive spirit, sales were good, and even such a student of history as Gov. Theodore Roosevelt of New York wrote to the author to say: "… you have given me far and away the best and most vivid idea I ever had of the Indiana Copper-heads and also an exceptionally good picture of life in the western farming communities."
Caroline Krout's shyness kept her from capitalizing upon her first success, and the fact that another of her novels, On the We-a Trail, employed the same locale and period as Alice of Old Vincennes by her fellow citizen, Maurice Thompson, almost caused her to give up writing altogether. Neither she nor Thompson had the slightest idea of the other's interest and Thompson, when he learned of her embarrassment, exerted all of his native kindliness to put her at ease.
There were two more novels, the last in 1911, then Caroline Krout gave up writing almost altogether. She was sensitive both to criticism and to the defects in her own writing, and the combination was an impossible one for a career in writing. She became, in effect, a happy, home-loving recluse during the last thirty or forty years of her life.
She died, in the home which she and her sisters had modernized and rebuilt after a decent interval of mourning for their father, on Oct. 9, 1931.
Information from Miss Roberta Krout, Krout family papers, and contemporary newspaper articles.
-
Knights In Fustian, a War-Time Story of
Indiana
. Boston, 1900.
- On the We-a Trail; a Story of the Great Wilderness.
New York, 1903.
- Bold Robin and His Forest Rangers. New
York, 1905.
- Dionis of the White Veil.
Boston, 1911.
KROUT, MARY HANNAH: 1851-1927.
Indiana was the home of two of America's leading feminists–Frances Wright, for the brief period of page: 185[View Page 185] Robert Owen's New Harmony Community experiment in the 1820's, and Mary Hannah Krout , during her childhood, girlhood and declining years. Frances Wright was beautiful, erratic and ineffectual; Mary Hannah Krout was plain, blunt and, by her years of writing and speaking in its favor, a great contributor toward the success of the movement which won equal rights for women.
To understand the forces which shaped the career of Mary Hannah Krout it is necessary to know of her parentage, particularly of her father (his life and his character are outlined in the biography of his second, but alphabetically first, daughter, Caroline Virginia Krout). Into the peculiar home life there described Mary Hannah, eldest daughter, was born on Nov. 3, 1851.
Mary Hannah Krout was sent to a subscription school in Crawfordsville. She continued at a public school after the efforts of Prof. Caleb Mills, a neighbor of the Krouts across the Wabash College campus, had made such a radical departure possible in Indiana , and her progress was rapid.
It was so rapid, indeed, that she had a poem published in a newspaper–and reprinted in others, at that –before her twelfth birthday; and in her fifteenth year she contributed another, "Little Brown Hands," which was not only bought and paid for by a juvenile periodical but which also swept the country and was to be incorporated into most grade school readers during the next half century. It created an immediate demand for her work (an order of things not at all common among budding poets).
So great was the impression made by "Little Brown Hands" that the young author was invited, the next year, to address an audience at Lafayette, Ind., twenty-six miles north. She appeared and spoke well, her subject being a very daring appeal for the vote for women. Her welcome was so enthusiastic that she decided to stay a while, but her mind was changed by her father who, as soon as the time of her expected return had passed with no Mary Hannah in evidence, went to Lafayette and, to the great chagrin of the young advocate of the emancipation of women, brought her back to Crawfordsville.
Next year she taught at Bunker Hill School and after that year's experience, began to teach in Crawfordsville, where she continued for eleven years.
Meanwhile she wrote for various newspapers, and about 1879, deciding that she could make a living in that field, she applied for, and got, a job on the CRAWFORDSVlLLE JOURNAL, padding her income by contributions to Indianapolis and Cincinnati papers. Besides regular reporting she conducted what would now be a gossip column, under the name of "Heinreich Karl," and her reports of Crawfordsville affairs to Indianapolis papers were lively–and frequently libelous. So much did she add to the JOURNAL that in 1881 she was made associate editor and, in the following year, was hired by the TERRE HAUTE EXPRESS as editor. This was a radical departure for the day, but Mary Hannah Krout was apparently waging her campaign for emancipating women by first emancipating herself.
She says, however: "During this time I worked almost incessantly from 9 A.M. to I I P.M. and, as you may suppose, my health gave way." Susan Elston Wallace, her sponsor for several years before, came to her rescue: Mrs. Wallace sent some money–enough to make work unnecessary for a while–with instructions to the effect that her protegee was to rest, and to pay back the loan as convenient.
Writing continued, but there was no steady employment for some time. Then, says Miss Krout: "In 1888 I came to Chicago . I was willing to do anything in the line of newspaper work only to gain a foothold. I was confident of my ability to work my way up to the tiptop of my desires. Finally I obtained a position as society reporter on the CHICAGO INTER-OCEAN."
She spent ten years on the staff—until the paper was sold to the CHICAGO TRIBUNE–and in its service she made her reputation.
The INTER-OCEAN sent her to Hawa11 to report the installation of the provisional government, and the trip resulted in her first book, Hawa11 and a Revolution, and eventually in two biographies of prominent women of Hawa11.
From then on Mary Hannah Krout specialized in the world-shaking events of her day; Nelly Bly, her contemporary but in no way her equal, had adventures not comparable to hers. She called upon the Boxers in China , alone except for a single missionary; she covered Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee; and she visited any out-of-the-way spot to which her current employer could be persuaded to send her. There was never the appearance of the daring woman traveler: Miss Krout favored alpaca jackets with braid, boned collars on her shirt-waists and plenty of petticoats.
Always, when the opportunity offered, she lectured on women's suffrage–in the States, in England , in New Zealand New Zealand, in China , in Hawa11. Far from a beautiful woman, she was still a handsome one and she had suitors enough–one distinguished colonel spent twenty-five years in hopeless courtship–but she never quite had page: 186[View Page 186] time for marriage. There were too many other things to be done first.
In 1906, after a trip to Australia, she tired of travel and retired to the family home in Crawfordsville, kept meanwhile by three of her unmarried sisters and her bachelor brother, and devoted the remainder of her life to writing and study. She completed General Lew Wallace's dutobioyraphy–with the assistance of his widow and her friend, Susan Elston Wallace–and it is possibly true that the work of these two ladies (both facile with the pen) helped to make this the most readable of Wallace's books. Miss Krout also wrote some of the best of her essays during this period. Gradually, however, she withdrew from public contact (as one of her sisters had done upon finishing high school and as her sister Caroline did as soon as her writing brought in a little income) and her literary production ceased after 1910. After an extended illness she died on May 31, 1927.
Information from the scrap books and ms. of Mary Hannah Krout and from her youngest sister, Miss Roberta Krout.
- Hawa11 and a Revolution. New
York, 1898.
- A Looker-On in London. New York,
1899.
- Alice's Visit to the Hawallan Islands.
New York, 1900.
- Two Girls in China. New York,
1903.
- Memoirs of General Lew Wallace. (Completed byMary Hannah Krout and Susan Elston Wallace.) 1906.
- Memoirs of Hon. Bernice Pauahi Bishop. New
York, 1908.
- Reminiscences of Mrs. Mary S. Rice. Honolulu, 1908.
- Platters and Pipkins. Chicago,
1910.
